Types of Mortars in Building Construction

In building construction, various types of mortars can be found depending on the types of uses, binding material, density as well as special purposes for which it is utilized.

Mortar stands for a operable paste that is formed by including necessary amount of water to a alloy of binding material (also known as matrix) and fine aggregate (also known as adulterant). This plastic paste can easily grip building materials like stone or brick together.

Types of Mortars found in Building Construction - Types of mortars depend on the following factors:

1. Nature of application
2. On the basis of binding material used
3. Bulk density
4. Special purpose mortars

Types of Mortars depend on Nature of Application: Depending on the nature of application, the following types of mortar exist.

1. Brick or stone laying mortar
2. Finishing mortar
3. Bricklaying or Stone Laying Mortar

Usually, in masonry walls, the structural units like stones or bricks are affixed together through mortar. Here, the ratios of ingredients are settled on the basis of binding materials types.

Finishing Mortar: Finishing mortar plays an important role for pointing and plastering works. In case of normal type of plastering, cement or lime mortar is applied. To enhance the look of the building, finishing mortar is applied with architectural effects. The mortar that is applied for giving decorative finishing, should contain superior strength, mobility and resistance capacity for combating natural forces like like rain, wind, etc..

Types of Mortars on the basis of Binding Material Used: In mortar, Binding material is very important. The quality, stability and strength of the mortar are subject to the quantity and quality of binding material used. Mortars can be categorized on the basis of the binding material used :-

Cement mortar, Lime mortar, Gypsum mortar, Gauged mortar, Surkhi mortar, Aerated cement mortar.

Cement Mortar: Here, cement is applied as binding material and sand as adulterant (fine aggregate). The ratio of cement and sand is settled on the basis of the stipulated strength and working conditions. Cement mortar will provide high strength and resistance against water. The ratio of cement to sand may differ from 1:2 to 1:6.

To read the complete article, visit theconstructor.org